19th Century Stoneware Master Ink Bottle – Victorian-Era Writing Essential
 
Historical Context & Function
This 7.62 cm (3") diameter × 20.35 cm (8") tall stoneware bottle is a quintessential "master ink" vessel, used by stationers, schools, and offices in the 1800s to store bulk writing ink. Its salt-glazed, non-porous surface prevented evaporation and contamination, while the pouring lip allowed precise refills of smaller desk inkwells. Such bottles were staples during the golden age of dip pens (1820s–1890s), before fountain pens rendered them obsolete.
 
Key Features
Salt-Glazed Stoneware:
Fired at ~1200°C with salt thrown into the kiln, creating a glassy, mottled brown surface.
Vitrified interior ensured ink wouldn’t seep into the clay, preserving fluid integrity.
 
Practical Design:
Cylindrical body maximized storage capacity.
Short neck & lipped rim facilitated drip-free pouring—critical for messy ink.
 
Markings & Rarity:
Many were embossed with maker’s marks (e.g., "Bourne Denby" or "Doulton Lambeth"); unmarked examples suggest smaller regional potteries.
Surviving intact bottles are uncommon due to fragile rims and heavy use.
 
Collector’s Notes
Age Indicators:
Pre-1860s: Often darker brown with coarse clay; post-1870s tend toward lighter stoneware with refined finishes.
Cork stoppers (now missing) were standard.